The Effect of Immersion Duration of <I>Zoothamnium penaei</I> Crude Protein Extracts to Stimulate Immune System in <I>Litopenaeus vannamei</I> Against <I>Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei</I> (EHP)

Highlight Research The effect of immersion duration shrimp to the immunostimulant from crude protein Zoothamnium penaei was determined. 20-minute in found increase phagocytosis activities, phenoloxidase, and improve hepatopancreases shrimp. There is phenoloxidase improved cell within a three-week maintenance with after each seven days. interaction between time into penaei. Abstract Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) spore-forming microsporidia intracellular parasite, which slough off cells This study intended determine stimulate immune system shrimps by using protect against EHP infections. used completely randomized design where were divided four groups having five replicates. Groups P1, P2, P3 immersed for 10, 15, 20 minutes respectively, except negative control. histopathology Also, molecular diagnosis measured confirm infection samplesThe activity significantly increased (P3) 0.64-, 0.72-, 0.78-units min-1 mil -1 on first week, second week third respectively. activities sample 68% week. also showed epithelial only 26% necrotic cell, less spore vacuolation. an L. vannamei Twenty EHP. present work revealed that, application Z. effective culture.